I am a Lawful Permanent Resident of 5 Years
This page provides general information about the most common path to U.S. citizenship through naturalization as a lawful permanent resident (LPR) or Green Card holder of at least five years. Naturalization is the way that a person not born in the United States voluntarily becomes a U.S. citizen.
Before you can apply for naturalization, you must meet certain eligibility requirements. Depending on your situation, different requirements may apply to you. The eligibility requirements below are based on an LPR having had their Green Card for at least five years.
To be eligible for naturalization, you must:
- Be at least 18 years old at the time you submit Form N-400, Application for Naturalization.
- Be a lawful permanent resident (Green Card holder) for at least five years.
- Demonstrate continuous residence in the United States for at least five years immediately before the date you file Form N-400.
- Show that you have been physically present in the United States for at least 30 months out of the five years immediately before the date you file Form N-400.
- Show that you have lived for at least three months in the state or USCIS district where you apply. Students may apply for naturalization either where they go to school or where their family lives (if they are still financially dependent on their parents).
- Be a person of good moral character.
- Demonstrate an attachment to the principles and ideals of the U.S. Constitution.
- Be able to read, write, and speak basic English.
- Have a basic understanding of U.S. history and government (civics).
- Take an oath of allegiance to the United States.
Certain applicants, because of their age and time as an LPR, do not have to take the English test for naturalization and may take the civics test in the language of their choice. For more information, see the exceptions and accommodations page or the USCIS Policy Manual Citizenship and Naturalization Guidance.